What is Soil structure , it's importance and management

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Soil structure:- The arrangement of primary particles (sand ,silt,clay), secondary particles ,and voids into definite patterns under certain field conditions.
It denotes
  • How the particles and aggregates are arranged , their shapes and sizes .
  • How the voids and spaces are arranged , their shapes and sizes .
Importance of soil structure :-

  • The amount and nature of porosity in soil are influenced by it .
  • Water and air permeability into soil is governed by it .
It influences soil water relationship , growth of microorganisms ,water holding capacity ,soil drainage and availablity of plant nutrients .

Management of soil structure:-

Management of soil structure leads to improvement of soil structure .
The general principles are :-
  • To ensure least destruction of soil structure the tillage should be done at optimum moisture conditions .
  • To minimize the loss of aggregate stabilizing organic substances minimum tillage should be done.
  • To mitigate the beating action of rain and to add organics to soil  the soil surface covers or organic mulching should be done .
  • To establish soil aggregates incorporation of crop residues and animal manures in to soil should be done.
  • Application of phosphatic fertilizers , suitable cropping system would enhance organic matter and favour stable aggregation .
  • Cover crops and green manuring add good amount of organic matter to soil.


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